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Підвищена складність: лексика C1–C2, складна граматика, академічні тексти. 30 завдань • орієнтовно 50–60 хв.
Виконано: 0 / 30⏱ 00:00

Частина 1. Use of English — Multiple Choice

Оберіть варіант, який найкраще завершує речення. (Q1–Q10)

  1. Hardly _____ the door when the phone started ringing again.
  2. If she _____ his advice last summer, she _____ in such a mess now.
  3. The committee insisted that the report _____ by Friday at the latest.
  4. Despite repeated warnings, he refused to _____ to the new safety regulations.
  5. The findings of the study _____ serious doubts on the prevailing theory.
  6. _____ was the silence in the hall that you could hear a pin drop.
  7. He looks exhausted. He _____ all night to finish the proposal.
  8. The minister was forced to _____ his earlier statement after public outrage.
  9. _____ the report, the manager called an emergency meeting.
  10. Researchers remain divided _____ the long-term implications of the policy.

Частина 2. Open Cloze — оберіть слово зі списку

Прочитайте текст і заповніть пропуски, обираючи слово з випадного списку. (Q11–Q18)

The phenomenon of urban shrinkage has long straightforward explanation. In cities across the post-industrial world, populations decline not of economic policy but in spite of it. What was once dismissed as a transient hiccup has, over time, as a structural feature of late capitalism.

Scholars now that shrinkage demands a fundamental rethinking of urban planning, one that no longer perpetual growth. from being a sign of failure, planned contraction may, in certain contexts, a more sustainable model. Whether public opinion will to this view is, however, an open question.

Правильні відповіді нараховуються автоматично.

Частина 3. Reading — Matching headings

Підберіть заголовок (A–F) до кожного абзацу. Один заголовок зайвий. (Q19–Q23)

Headings:
A) The hidden cost of convenience
B) A backlash gathers momentum
C) When algorithms quietly take over
D) The myth of the unbiased machine
E) Regulation finally catches up
F) A return to analogue habits

Paragraph 19. What began as innocuous recommendation engines — books you might like, films you might watch — has, almost imperceptibly, expanded into nearly every domain of decision-making, from credit scoring to medical triage. Few users notice the shift; fewer still consent to it in any meaningful sense.
Paragraph 20. Proponents have long maintained that automated systems are inherently fairer than fallible humans. Yet a growing body of evidence suggests that such systems do not eliminate prejudice so much as launder it — encoding historical inequities in a form that resists scrutiny.
Paragraph 21. Free services rarely are. The price, paid not in currency but in data, is often invisible until it materialises as a targeted political advertisement or an unwelcome insurance quote. The bargain, on closer inspection, was never quite as favourable as it appeared.
Paragraph 22. Discontent, once confined to academic seminars, has spilled into the streets. Protests in several capitals, petitions signed by tens of thousands, and high-profile resignations from tech firms all point to a sea change in public mood that legislators can no longer afford to ignore.
Paragraph 23. After years of warnings going unheeded, sweeping legislation has at last been put before parliaments on both sides of the Atlantic. Whether the resulting frameworks will prove adequate, or merely cosmetic, remains a matter of considerable debate.

Частина 4. Reading Comprehension — академічний текст

Прочитайте уривок і дайте відповіді на запитання. (Q24–Q28)

For the better part of two centuries, the figure of the lone genius has loomed disproportionately large in popular accounts of scientific discovery. From Newton beneath his apocryphal apple tree to Einstein scribbling in a patent office, the narrative casts breakthroughs as the work of singular minds operating, it would seem, in splendid isolation. The reality, as historians of science have patiently demonstrated, is markedly less photogenic.

Nearly every major advance, on closer inspection, turns out to rest upon a dense substrate of correspondence, collaboration and, not infrequently, outright dispute. Newton himself, for all his protestations of solitary labour, was an indefatigable correspondent; his quarrels with Leibniz over the invention of calculus, far from incidental, were instrumental in sharpening the very concepts at issue. Einstein's special theory of relativity, though bearing his name alone, drew on the prior work of Lorentz, Poincaré and others — a debt he himself was generally careful to acknowledge, even as posterity proved less scrupulous.

Why, then, does the myth persist? Part of the answer is psychological: stories require protagonists, and a heroic individual is easier to grasp than a diffuse network. Part is institutional: prizes, professorships and biographies all reward — indeed, demand — the identification of single authors. And part, more troublingly, is ideological. The myth flatters a particular vision of human achievement, one in which insight springs unbidden from the mind of the exceptional, owing nothing to the conditions that made it possible.

  1. The author's overall attitude towards the "lone genius" narrative can best be described as
  2. In paragraph 2, the word indefatigable most nearly means
  3. Which of the following is NOT given as a reason the myth persists?
  4. The author implies that Einstein
  5. The phrase "markedly less photogenic" (paragraph 1) suggests that the reality of scientific discovery is

Частина 5. Word Formation

Оберіть правильну форму слова в дужках. (Q29–Q30)

  1. His remarks were widely seen as a deliberate _____ of the principle of academic freedom. (UNDERMINE)

    Підказка: після прикметника deliberate потрібен іменник. Шукай форму, що працює як deverbal noun (іменник, утворений від дієслова).

  2. The judge's reasoning, though _____, ultimately failed to convince the appellate court. (PERSUADE)